Osteochondrosis is a pathological process that leads to dystrophic disorders and the first structure of the intervertebral disc, and then in the vertebra itself, the spinal cord, muscles, blood vessels, and nearby internal organs.
He can hit all parts of the spine - cervix, chest, lumbar and sacred.Cervical osteochondrosis is a very common phenomenon, and in terms of frequency it is only lower than lumbar osteochondrosis.
Osteochondrosis in the cervical region continues the stadium.Like any other pathology, without timely treatment, it develops.Functional and structural changes in the bones and cartilagin tissues are more and more clear, leading to a complicated form of disease with sensitivity and movement limitations.
Level and degree
In total, 4 levels (degrees) of the cervical area osteochondrosis are distinguished.At the same time, the concepts of "degrees" and "levels" are often confused.Although they mean the same thing, they are not entirely the same.This stage shows structural disorders in the cervical spine, in nearby organs and tissues.And at that point means symptoms of osteochondrosis and patient complaints.With osteochondrosis of the cervical area, the clinical signs of 1st grade are minimal, but may not be completely present.Patients complain of poor pain in the neck (cervix), increasing as they turn their heads.On examination, local cervical muscle tension was observed.
Osteochondrosis of the cervical area in the 2nd degree is accompanied by discogenic radriculitis.As a result of degenerative-dystrophic changes in nucleus and intervertebral disc capsules, the height of the gap between the cervical vertebrae decreases.As a result, the cervical spinal cord root is violated.Patients are worried about point pain, increasing with their turn and headache.Pain syndrome can exceed the cervical area and accompanied by general weakness, decreased performance.
As a result of further pathological processes, leading to displacement and destruction of intervertebral discs, disc hernia is formed in the cervical region.Pain and general weakness are increasing, sensitive and motor disorders in the affected segment area join them.The cervical area osteochondrosis in the 3rd stage is growing.
In the future, with the cervical area osteochondrosis, the 4th level of the destroyed intervertebral disc is replaced by fibrous connective tissue.Due to the involvement of the vertebral artery in the pathology process of pain with sensitive and motor disorders, brain disorders combine with problems, impaired coordination, and the feeling of ringing in the ear.
Etiology
Before talking about causes, or cervical osteochondrosis etiological factors, some of these anatomical and physiological features should be explained.
These features are as follows:
- The neck is a mobile structure, while it borders a relatively static thorax.
- Cervical vertebra 7, and segment 8. The "excess" segment appears due to atlantois -treaty.
- Cervical vertebrae has different anatomical structures, which is primarily detected in the example of the first two cervical vertebrae, atlanta and axis.
- Important communication through the neck - trachea, esophagus, large vessels, including the vertebral artery that supplies the brain.
The etiological factors leading to pathological changes in the cervical region with subsequent transitions to cervical osteochondrosis at the 2nd level, are as follows:
- SEDENTARI LIFE;
- Irrational nutrition with lack of trace and vitamin elements;
- Continuous posture violations from school students, students, office workers;
- Frequent hypothermia, poor microclimate of the home and in production;
- Endocrine disorders;
- Weak immunity;
- Descent.
Symptom
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the cervical area in the 2nd stage, in addition to pain, including cervical muscle tension and spinal cord.The pain in the neck (cervicalgia) with the given level of osteochondrosis can be either point or spilled, spread outside the neck to other anatomical areas - back and shoulder belts.Due to the shortening of intervertebral gaps, muscles and ligaments of SAG.The action of the muscle frame weakens and forms by the cervical region's subluxation, as a result the disc shifts in one direction or another.At the same time, the pain can be sharp and strong, according to the type of shutter (cervix) after turning the head or extension of the neck.
In addition to pain, as it has been shown, cervical muscle and spinal tension are observed.Due to the fact that the cervical vertebra is not shifting from the back, but to the side, such pressure is most often as symmetrical and leads to impaired posture.In contrast, affected posture leads to further deterioration in the metabolic process of the cervix.All conditions are created for the transition of osteochondrosis to the 3rd stage.
In 2 stages of cervical osteochondrosis, the vertebral artery has not been affected.However, at this stage, in addition to pain and muscle tension, the patient complains of weakness, fatigue, and damage.Sleep disorders may be caused by pain.
The type of treatment
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the cervical area in the 2nd stage includes:
- Medical therapy,
- Physiotherapy procedure,
- Therapeutic gymnastics,
- Massage,
- Manual therapy.
DrugIt aims to eliminate cervicalgia, inflammation in the cervical segment root and normalization of metabolic processes in the cervical disc.Anesthesia is achieved by taking painkillers orally.But this is the most ineffective way to relieve pain.In this case, intramuscular injection is more effective.With severe pain, you can wear special chantsa collar.
AnesthesiaIt can be achieved by eliminating the inflammation process in the cervical root.In this case, anti -medications -non -Ssteroids (NSAIDs) are used in various forms of drugs, ointments, injections and compression.In this case, the injection, the ointment is very effective.Good anti -anti -steroid hormones are given.
To restore the affected cartilage, it is recommended to receive chondroprotectors.For the same purpose, the use of vitamin mineral complexes containing vitamins B, C, E along with zinc, iron calcium is shown.Although brain disorders in the 2nd stage of cervical osteochondrosis do not occur, the use of neuroprotectors will not be excessive.
Physiotherapy procedureWith cervical osteochondrosis, any degree is designed to reduce pain and inflammation, improving local blood flow.For this purpose, phonophyesis, laser and magnetic resonance therapy, ultrasound treatment is used.Physiotherapeutic procedures are contraindicated by the duration of osteochondrosis hunting.
MassageWith osteochondrosis, it is also performed during the intervention period.The massage procedure is performed in the position of the patient sitting or lying next to.At the same time, a massage therapist with a smooth movement toward the back of the head to the knee, stroke and rubbing the muscles.Next, the back muscles, neck, chest are massaged.In this case, the self may use the Kuznetsov applicator.It is a needle roller with plastic spikes.It is enough to put this roller on the neck for half an hour every day - an hour, and the result will not come for a long time.
Physical Education MedicineIt is designed to consolidate the effects of osteochondrosis treatment methods above.At the same time, the optimal load on various muscle groups is created, leading to muscle strengthening and eliminating the spine.Manual therapy for neck osteochondrosis should be done carefully.Due to the high risk of cervical spinal injury, it is associated with a huge risk not only for health, but also for the life of the patient.
Steps -Prevention Steps
Prevention of cervical osteochondrosis is designed to eliminate the cause of the disease and prevent the transition of level 2 of 3.
In this case, the following requirements should be noted:
- Active lifestyle;
- Full nutrition;
- Normal conditions in daily life and production, excluding drafts and hypothermia;
- Proper posture with work and "inactive" study;
- Hardening, sports;
- Treatment of chronic illnesses;
- At the first signs of osteochondrosis - a timely visit to a doctor.